ALSPAC – Age 10 – Inhibition (Stop-Signal Task)

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) assessed their cohort members (CMs) during the study’s age 10 sweep (Focus 10+ Clinic) using the Inhibition (Stop-Signal Task) measure.

Details on this measure and the data collected from the CMs are outlined in the table below.

Years of data collection:	2002-2003
Domain:	Reaction time
Measures:	Choice reaction time
	Response inhibition
CHC:	Gt (Decision Speed/Reaction Time)
CLOSER Source:	Explore this sweep in CLOSER Discovery: ALSPAC Childhood (5 years to 12 years 11 months) (opens in a new tab)
Administration method:	Trained interviewer; clinical setting; computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI)
Procedure:	Sitting in front of the computer monitor, the child was instructed to place their two index fingers in two stimulus boxes, labelled X and O respectively. Two types of trials were performed: primary task trials and stop signal trials. For the primary task, the child was asked to focus on a small smiley face presented in the centre of the computer screen. An X or O would then be presented on the screen and the child had to press the corresponding button as fast as possible. Thirty trials were administered (15 X’s and 15 O’s). A mean reaction time was calculated (this is used to calculate a tone delay used in subsequent trials; see below). The stop signal task was identical to the primary task except that a bleep (stop signal) was heard randomly after the X or O appeared (the go signal). If the bleep was not heard the child was asked to press the corresponding button according to what was presented on screen. When the bleep was sounded the child was told to refrain from pressing the response button, therefore inhibiting the stimulus response. The bleep sounded on random trials at 150 ms or 250 ms before the child’s reaction time (as calculated in the Primary Task Trials). A total of 24 practice trials were administered, followed by 48 experimental trials (32 of which were without bleeps and 16 trails were with bleeps). For those children that were deaf or had severe hearing difficulties, a visual stop signal was used instead. For those children who could only use one hand, a one-handed stimulus box was used.
Link to questionnaire:	http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/researchers/our-data/clinical-measures/ (opens in new tab)
Scoring:	Mean reaction times across different conditions
Item-level variable(s):	Not readily available
Total score/derived variable(s):	fdcm210 – fdcm222 Explore these variables in CLOSER Discovery: ALSPAC Focus 10+ Clinic Dataset (opens in a new tab)
Descriptives:	Raw score
	N = 6,970
	Range = 15.36 – 851.23
	Mean = 598.52
	SD = 67.59
	(click image to enlarge)
Age of participants (months):	Mean = 127.8 months, SD =3.18, Range = 118 – 147
Other sweep and/or cohort:	ALSPAC – Age 15.5 – Inhibition (Stop Signal Task)
Source:	Logan, G. D., Cowan, W. B., & Davis, K. A. (1984). On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: a model and a method. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 10(2), 276.
Technical resources:	None
Example articles:	Pindus, D. M., Davis, R. D. M., Hillman, C. H., Bandelow, S., Hogervorst, E., Biddle, S. J., & Sherar, L. B. (2015). The relationship of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity to cognitive processing in adolescents: findings from the ALSPAC birth cohort. Psychological Research, 79(5), 715-728.
	Wallace, S., & Linscott, R. J. (2018). Intra-individual variability and psychotic-like experiences in adolescents: Findings from the ALSPAC cohort. Schizophrenia Research, 195, 154-159.

For the named items in the table above, links are provided to their corresponding content on CLOSER Discovery. Where a variable range is provided, full variable lists can be accessed through the ‘Variable Groups’ tab on the linked Discovery page.