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ALSPAC – Age 8.5 – WISC-III Picture Completion

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) assessed their cohort members (CMs) during the study’s age 8.5 sweep (Focus@8) using the Picture Completion measure from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III).

Details on this measure and the data collected from the CMs are outlined in the table below.


Years of data collection:1999-2001
Domain:Non-verbal visualisation
Measures:Simultaneous processing
Visual organisation
Visual recognition
CHC:Gv (Visual processing)
Gc (Crystallised intelligence)
CLOSER Source:Explore this sweep in CLOSER Discovery: ALSPAC Childhood (5 years to 12 years 11 months) (opens in a new tab)
Administration method:Trained interviewer; clinical setting; child points to answer
Procedure:The child was shown an image and then asked to point to or name the important missing part. For instance, a picture might have shown a car with a missing wheel. The child had 30 seconds to answer each item. Sample items (number differs with age) were provided to ensure the child understood the test.
Link to questionnaire:http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/researchers/our-data/clinical-measures/ (opens in new tab)
Scoring:One point was awarded for each correct response within the time-limit. Raw scores were converted into scale scores using tables provided in the WISC manual (M = 10, SD = 3).
Item-level variable(s):Not readily available
Total score/derived variable(s):f8ws026 -f8ws056
Explore these variables in CLOSER Discovery: ALSPAC Focus at 8 Clinic Dataset (opens in a new tab)
Descriptives:Raw scoreScaled score
N = 7,372N = 7,384
Range = 0 - 30Range = 1 - 19
Mean = 15.73Mean = 9.10
SD = 4.64SD = 3.71
(click image to enlarge)
(click image to enlarge)
Age of participants (months):Mean = 103.82 months, SD = 3.92, Range = 89 - 127
Other sweep and/or cohort:ALSPAC – Age 4 – WPPSI-RUK Picture Completion
Source:Wechsler, D. (1991). WISC-III: Wechsler intelligence scale for children: Manual. Psychological Corporation.
Technical resources:Kaufman, A. S., & Lichtenberger, E. O. (2000). Essentials of WISC-III and WPPSI-R assessment. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Example articles:Horwood, J., Salvi, G., Thomas, K., Duffy, L., Gunnell, D., Hollis, C., ... & Zammit, S. (2008). IQ and non-clinical psychotic symptoms in 12-year-olds: results from the ALSPAC birth cohort. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 193(3), 185-191.
Northstone, K., Joinson, C., Emmett, P., Ness, A., & Paus, T. (2012). Are dietary patterns in childhood associated with IQ at 8 years of age? A population-based cohort study. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 66(7), 624-628.

For the named items in the table above, links are provided to their corresponding content on CLOSER Discovery. Where a variable range is provided, full variable lists can be accessed through the ‘Variable Groups’ tab on the linked Discovery page.


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This page is part of CLOSER’s ‘A guide to the cognitive measures in five British birth cohort studies’.